Killa Abdullah is a small valley bordered by mountains. The valley floor is covered with unconsolidated alluvial sediments that are mostly composed of clay, silt, silty clay and clayey silt. All these sediments were deposited in the valley by the seasonal streams that flow across the valley (generally north to south). The soil is of loamy nature in the Gulistan area, while the soil of Tehsil Chaman is sandy clay - gravial (Admixture). The sandy fraction increases towards the mountain ranges. The scarcity of water in the area and the semi-desert climatic conditions have limited trees and shrubs to grow. However, a few types of less water consuming wild bushes grow in the area in a scattered way.

The drainage pattern in the mountainous areas is generally of trellis type, indicative of less resisting rocks, where the erosion rate is generally very high. This also prevents the vegetation from growing. The high silt content in the soil has also contributed to the scarcity of vegetation. The shallow land water is saltish with above normal chloride contents with other dissolved solids especially in the vicinity of Killa Abdullah.

The town of Killa Abdullah is situated on piedmont fans while Shela bagh is located on a transcending mountain ridge. It is composed of shale and sand stones of Murgha Faqirzai formation stemming from the Oligocene-age.