Topography Gwadar
Gwadar district is located from 25° -01¢ to 25° -50¢ north latitudes and from 61° -37¢ to 65° -15¢ east longitudes. It is bounded on the north by Kech and Awaran districts, on the east by Awaran and Lasbela districts, on the south by the Arabian Sea, and on the west by Iran. Total area of the district is 15,216 square kilometers.
Gwadar is a district along the sea-board. Most of its area lies south of the Makran Coast range. The Coast range or Bahrigarr skirts the Arabian Sea for about 450 kilometers between 25° -22¢ and 26° -00¢ North and 61° -44¢ and 66° -30¢ East. Its width varies from 55 to 110 kilometers and the parallel ranges of which it is formed descend gradually from east to west. At its eastern end it touches the Hala hills, which bound the western side of the Lasbela plain. It continues west-ward in one mass, of which little is known to about the 64th east parallel, where it commences to bifurcate. The main mass continues south-west and develops into the Talar-e-band ridge, which ends abruptly at Suntsar above the Dasht river. The other part continues west ward from Tal-e-sar, south of Oshap in a well-defined ridge, which forms the southern boundary of the Kech valley, and which may be called the Gokprosh hills. Crossing the Dasht river the Gokprosh hills continue west-ward into Iran.
At Pasni the main mass runs down southward to the sea after which it again retreats to enclose the Kulanch valley, on the western side of which it once more sends down an offshoot south-ward in the shape of the Koh-e-Dramb. Throughout its length, the ridges of which it is composed increase gradually in height towards north, the watershed being formed in the extreme north. As the slopes approach the sea, the height of the hills decreases and in many places they are a little more than a mass of hillocks.
The coast line of Gwadar district is about 600 kilometers long. The coast extends in an east - west direction, generally being somewhat convex. Owing to the little rainfall, the salt nature of the soil and the physical conformation of the country, it is almost entirely desert. It presents a succession of arid clay plains impregnated with saliferous matter and intersected with water courses. From these plains rise precipitous table-hills, with most fantastic peaks and pinnacles, varying in height above sea level from about 600 meters to hillocks of 6 to 9 meters high. Further inland, ranges of mountains of varying height extend parallel to the coast and to each other, bare, rugged and scorched.
The coast line is deeply indented with bays, but its most characteristic feature is the repeated occurrence of promontories and peninsulas of white clay cliffs capped with coarse limestone or shelly breccia which all approach the table-topped form. The intermediate coast is low, with white high sand hills or low sand hills with bushes and tufts, of grass or in some places a strip of very low sand with extensive salt water and mangrove swamps behind it. There is little vegetation to be seen except here and there a clump of date trees indicating a village. Near the sea, the rivers, which are frequently dry or nearly so, become salt water creeks.
The surroundings are generally regular, the bank generally running out to about 24 kilometers where it ends abruptly sometimes quite precipitously. Webb Bank near Astalu island had been the only place dangerous to navigation along the coast of Balochistan. The rise and fall of the tide varies in different parts from 2 to 3 meters and may generally be considered about 2.5 meters at springs.
There are a few good harbours in the district. The principal ports are Jiwani, Gwadar, Pasni, and Ormara. There is a small island named Astola, lying about 20 kilometers off the coast and some 40 kilometers from Pasni. The important rivers and streams in the district include, Shadi Kaur, Sawar, and Dasht river with its tributaries Nilag and Daddeh.