The district is mostly mountainous area. It is roughly a rectangular piece of country comprising several valleys. The principal valleys are: Kach, Kawas, Ziarat, Zandra, Mangi, Mana, & Gogi Ahmadoon. The altitude ranges from 1800 - 3,488 meters.

The soil is loamy on both sides of the streams, and loamy stony in other places, varying in hardness according to proportion of clay and shingle. In most parts of the valleys, the fields are in terraces, the faces of which are carefully riveted with stones. The hill torrents are kept within bounds by well-constructed spurs of timber and rush wood. In rainy seasons the floodwater brought by hill torrents is diverted on to the fields. The fertile mud is beneficial for the cultivation of valuable crops.

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